“艾罗斯特拉特”:跳出人类来审视人类的范本

Erostorate: Examining Human Beings from a Transcendental Point of View

本文认为 ,作为“元小说”的“艾罗斯特拉特”使萨特融作家与理论家于一身。论文运用经典叙事学分析发现 ,在故事层中 ,叙述者和主要人物为一体 ,是情节的重要组成部分和组织者 ,并且形成人物的两面。在超故事层 ,通过叙述者“我”的行动轨迹表达作家的哲学思考 :自由的相对性 ;自由给予人的主要感觉是痛苦和惶惑。“我”的全部精神过程和行为过程显示出 ,“我”就是现代的“艾罗斯特拉特” :“我”的合理与痛苦之间相互依存并形成悖论 ,从而扩展了艾罗斯特拉特原来的“以无意义的行为使自己出名的人”的涵义。

Sartre's metaficion Erostorate is an embodiment of his identity as both a writer and a theorist. With the employment of traditional narratology, the present analyses arrive at the conclusion that on the 'story level' the narrator and the protagonist are one and the same, who constitutes an important part and the organizer of the plot, while on the 'meta-story level', the author's philosophy is expressed through 'my' action that freedom is relative and what freedom brings for people is mainly suffering and apprehension. All 'my' spiritual experience and action shows that 'I' am Erostorate in modern society, and the legality of 'my' seeking for freedom and 'my' suffering conflict and at the same time depend on each other. Erostorate ,which means to get well known through meaningless deeds, thus acquires new interpretation. As a result,this fiction serves as a tool to examine human beings from a transcendental point of view.