大学毕业生考研前心理卫生状况调查

Investigation into the mental health status of senior university students prior to their postgraduate examinations

目的 了解大学毕业生考研前的心理健康状况。方法 采用心理卫生自评量表 (SCL— 90 )、焦虑量表(SAS)、抑郁量表 (SDS) ,对 10 5名考研学生在考研前一个半月进行调查。结果 考研学生SCL— 90阳性项目数及精神病性因子明显高于全国常模 (t值分别为 4 .94 ,3.6 8,P <0 .0 0 1) ,其强迫、焦虑因子分与全国常模相比较有显著性差异 (t值分别为 2 .76 ,2 .76 ,P <0 .0 1)。专升本学生的人际关系敏感、抑郁、敌对因子分与本科五年制学生相比较有显著性差异。考研大学生心理问题发生率为 5 6 .8%。SAS、SDS评分 :中度以上焦虑者为 3.88% ,中度以上抑郁者为 6 .79%。结论 考研大学生群体有比较明显的心理问题 ,应进行重视及进行相应的干预。

Objective: To learn the mental health status of senior students at university prior to their postgraduate examinations in 2004. Methods: One hundred and three students who were to take postgraduate examinations in one and half months were assessed with SCL—90, SAS and SDS. Results: The positive items and the factor-scores of the psychiatric symptom of SCL—90 were significantly higher than the domestic norms(P<0.001)(young group). Some factor-scores of SCL—90, including obsession and anxiety, were higher than the domestic norms (P<0.01)(young group). The factor-scores of sensitivity and depression and hostility in students who entered into the university from three-year colleges were higher than the five-year university students. The rate of mental health problem of the medical students who were to take the postgraduate examinations was 56.8%. Conclusion:The senior students who will take the postgraduate examination have distinctive psychological problems, to which great attention should be paid. Measures of prevention and treatment for mental health problems should be taken.