广州市2003年流行性感冒监测分析

Analysis on Surveillance of Influenza in Guangzhou City in 2003

目的 通过对本市建立的流感监测网络所取得的 2 0 0 3年流感监测结果对流感的流行趋势、病原学变化特点进行分析、总结。方法 流行病学监测 ,哨点医院每周填写流感样病例报表并上报 ;各区、县级疾控中心 (防疫站 )的流行病学医师对流感样暴发疫点进行个案调查并上报 ;病原学监测 ,监测点医院每周采集流感样病人漱口液 5 - 10份进行流感病毒分离 ;血清学监测 ,在 3、9月对一般人群血清作抗体水平监测 ,9月份对职业暴露人群进行人禽流感血清监测。结果 流行病学监测 ,全年报告暴发疫情 91起 ,罹患率在 0 35 % -4 0 14 %之间。病原学监测 ,全年以H3 N2 为优势流行株 ,B型流感病毒只引起散发病例或小暴发。血清学监测 ,3月和 9月两次监测结果表明在流感高峰前后 ,H1N1、H3 N2 、B(维多利亚系 )亚型阳性率均较一致 (χ2 分别为0 82、2 0 1、1 34,P值均 >0 0 5 ) ,但B(巴拿马系 )抗体 9月高于 3月 (χ2 =0 0 2 2 ,P <0 0 5 )。 9月份职业人员血清学结果为 :H1N1、H3 N2 、B(维多利亚系 )阳性率分别为 4 2 97%、88 2 1%和 5 9 0 9%。禽H5N1检测均为阴性 ,H9N2 检出 5份阳性 ,阳性率为 1 89%。结论 本市 2 0 0 3年流感高发于春夏之交 ,全年以H3 N2 为优势流行株。

Objective To analysis and summarize the influenza epidemic tendency and the etiological characteristics on the basis of results made by the influenza-monitoring network in Guangzhou city in 2003. Methods Epidemiological surveillance, forms of influenza-like cases should be filled and filed weekly in monitoring point hospitals; individual cases of influenza-like disease should be surveyed and reported by CDC doctors at district and county level. Etiological surveillance, 5-10 portions of mouth rinsing liquid should be collected weekly from patients with influenza-like disease in monitoring point hospitals to do influenza virus separation. Serological monitoring, to monitor the antibody level of sera of common people in March and September; and to monitor the influenza sera of people vocationally exposed in poultry. Results 91 outbreak of influenza epidemic were reported all the year, and the morbility rate was from 0.35% to 40%. For etiological monitoring, influenza A (H 3N 2) was found to be the predominant strain throughout year,and the influenza B only caused sporadic cases or small-scale outbreak.For serological surveillance,two results in March and September showed that, before and after the peak of influenza, positive rates of H 1N 1?H 3N 2?B(Victorian series) sub types were identical (χ 2=0.82,2.01,1.34,P>0.05), but B(Panama series) antibody in September was higher than that in March (χ 2=0.022,P<0.05).The serological results of vocational people showed that, the positive rates of H 1N 1?H 3N 2?B were 42.97%?88.21%?59.09%,respectively. The H 5N 1 test results of poultry were all negative. There were 5 positive H 3N 2 cases,and the positive rate was 1.89%. Conclusion High incidence of influenza occurred between spring and summer in 2003, and the H 3N 2 was the predominant epidemic strains in the whole year.