三江平原典型湿地水化学性质研究

Water Hydrochemistry of Typical Wetland in Sanjiang Plain

以三江平原湿地生态试验站为研究基地,选择典型采样地点,对湿地水、排水沟水、降水、保护区河流水样进行测试,分析水样中主要离子含量(HCO3-、Cl-、NO3-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+)、重金属元素含量(Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn)和营养元素含量(N、P、K)及其有效性。研究湿地水化学的一般性质以及湿地排水后湿地水中化学元素的迁移特征。研究结果表明,湿地水化学类型一般为HCO3--Ca.Mg型和HCO3--Ca.Na型,重金属序列为Fe>Mn>Cu>Zn>Pb、Cr。排水中丧失大量的化学元素,这是湿地退化的原因之一。

The Sanjiang Ecological Test Station of Wetland serves as the research base. Firstly typical sampling sites were selected, then general characteristics of wetland hydrochemistry and movement of chemical elements due to drainage were researched by analyzing contents of main ions(HCO_3^-,Cl^-,NO_3^- and SO_4^(2-)),heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Fe and Mn), nutritive elements(N,P,K)and their availability. Results showed that types of wetland hydrochemistry are HCO_3^--Ca.Mg and HCO_3^--Ca.Na. The serials of heavy metal is Fe>Mn>Cu>Zn>Pb,Cr. Lots of chemical elements have been lost because of draining, which is one cause of wetland degradation.