论学术自由权的保障与救济

On the Protection and Remedy of Academic Freedom

学术自由权是学术共同体及其成员 ,在探查、研究、探讨记录、生产、创造、教学、讲演以及写作等活动中享有的追求、发展、传授知识的自由权。作为一种精神自由权 ,学术自由权具有非政治性、消极否定性等宪法权利属性。学术自由权的实现需要宪法与法律的保障。目前 ,学术自由权在我国还难以得到充分有效的保障 ,应当建立各种相关机制有效保护学术自由权的实现。当学术自由权受到侵害时 ,其实是保障学术自由的法律和制度受到侵害 ,因此 ,对学术自由权的救济可以诉诸司法和行政两个途径。

Academic Freedom is the right that academic community a nd its members enjoy in their recording, manufacturing, creating, teaching, spea king and writing, etc. to freely pursue, develop, and initiate knowledge. As a k ind of spiritual freedom, academic right belongs to non-political, negative and constitutional right. The realization of academic freedom needs the protection of constitution and law. Since academic freedom is not adequately protected in C hina now, corresponding protecting mechanism should be established. When the aca demic freedom is violated, it is the laws and institutions that protect academic freedom that are violated, therefore, it can be remedied through administration or judicature.