麦套花生套期与密度优化配置研究

Optimized disposition of Intercropping date and planting density for wheat-peanut cropping system

采用二次饱和D—最优设计建立了小麦行距为30cm的麦套花生套期和密度与产量的数学模型。进一步分析表明,花生套期和密度对花生产量作用显著,且密度效应大于套期。套种花生最适播期为麦收前22d,与其相配套的最适密度为15.55×104穴/hm2,最高产量可达到4679.4kg/hm2。适期过后,套期每推迟5d,花生平均减产187.2kg/hm2。花生产量在3500kg/hm2以上的优化措施组合为:5月10日～5月29日套种,密度14.66×104～20.72×104穴/hm2。

A mathematical model involved peanut yield and intercropping date and plant density was set up by using the quadratic saturation D-optimization design. Conclusions could be made from the test. Both intercropping date and plant density produced a significant effect on intercropping peanut yield and the later was more remarkable than the former. The maximum yield based on this experiment could reach to 4 679.4kg/hm^2, and the corresponding combination of intercropping date were 22days (May,18) before wheat harvesting and plant density was 15.55×10~4 holes/hm^2, respectively. The yield would be reduced 187.2kg/hm^2 with each 5-day the sowing date being put off after May,18. The optimum disposition of intercropping date and plant density for intercropping peanut yield over 3 500kg/hm^2 were from May,10 to May,29 and 14.66×10~4～20.72×10~4 holes/hm^2, respectively.