致病性耶尔森菌毒力因子YopM的研究进展

Advance in research on the virulence factor YopM of pathogenic Yersinia

YopM蛋白是致病性耶尔森菌的毒力因子之一 ,本文介绍了其结构、定位及功能等方面的研究进展。YopM蛋白是一个亮氨酸丰富区 (LRR)蛋白质家族的成员 ,其晶体结构提示它可作为蛋白质骨架与其他蛋白质相互作用。早期研究认为YopM可结合α 凝血酶 ,抑制凝血酶引起的血小板聚集。后来发现YopM CyaA融合蛋白可通过Ⅲ型分泌系统定向进入真核细胞。免疫荧光定位显示YopM不但可进入宿主细胞质 ,而且通过小泡相关通路进入细胞核。在哺乳动物细胞内 ,YopM与 2种靶物质PRK2和RSK1形成一种新的蛋白复合体 ,并激活PRK2和RSK1的激酶活性。YopM在耶尔森菌感染中的功能和致病机制有待进一步研究。

YopM Protein is one of the virulence factors of pathogenic Yersinia, the advance in research on its structure, localization and function is reviewed in this paper. YopM Protein is a member of the leucine-rich repeat protein superfamily. The crystal structure shows that YopM could provide a structural framework for the formation of protein-protein interactions. YopM was previously described as binding human α-thrombin and inhibiting thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in vitro. However, subsequent studies demonstrated that a YopM-CyaA fusion protein could be targeted vectorially into eukaryotic cells through the Yersinia type Ⅲ secretion system. Immunofluorescence localization revealed that YopM is not only targeted to the cytoplasm but also trafficks to the cell′s nucleus by means of a vesicle-associated pathway. In mammalian cells, YopM can form a novel protein complex with two kinases, protein kinase C-like 2 (PRK2) and ribosomal S6 protein kinase 1 (RSK1), and stimulate the activity of PRK2 and RSK1. Further study need to be done to understand the function and pathogenic mechanism of YopM in Yersinia infection.