卡伦的起源及类型问题

The Origination of Kalun and Its Classification in Qing Dynasty

卡伦是清代一项重要的军事制度，它对于清代政权的建立起到了积极作用。卡伦产生于努尔哈赤时代，卡伦在原有基础上可以分为边境卡伦、国象禁地卡伦和行军作战时的卡伦三种，对于了解清代军事制度的发展有一定的借鉴作用。

Kalun , which means military post , especially founded around the frontier border between two countries, had played an important role in Qing Dynasty. This article makes a careful analysis in definiting on when Kalun was originated and how to classify Kalun through a lot of documents . Maybe the research in this article could make a benefit to understanding the military rules of Qing Dynasty.