等离子体干扰低轨道侦察卫星的计算分析

On Calculating Effectiveness of Plasma Defense against Low-Orbit Spy Satellite

研究等离子体干扰破坏低轨道侦察卫星功能的效应 ,提出了用等离子体反卫星的概念。对等离子体环境中卫星充放电机理及效应进行了分析 ,给出其干扰破坏低轨道卫星的途径为 :等离子体使卫星表面形成电弧放电电位差 ,并产生强烈的电弧电流和电磁脉冲 ,从而破坏太阳能电池阵、表面温控材料、星上微波电子仪器 ,并影响天线正常工作。把卫星表面分成 1 4个不同的等效单元 ,利用等效充电模式 ,计算了高密度低能和中等能量等离子体对某卫星表面的充电过程 ,分析电子温度和数密度、卫星表面初电位、太阳能电池阵电位对卫星表面最后达到平衡电位的影响。获得的结论是 :30 0 e

We aim to study the effectiveness of plasma interference against spying operations of low-orbit satellite. We analyze the plasma charging/discharging mechanism and the resulting arc discharging. Plasma can produce arc discharging voltage on the surface of satellite, which will form strong pulse of arc current and electromagnetic wave. The current and wave will damage solar cell, surface material used to control temperature, microwave and electronic apparatus and affect antenna operation. By applying the charging model of equivalent circuit, we, after dividing the entire surface of satellite into 14 different parts, calculate the transient charging of these 14 different parts under the environment of high-density plasma, whose power is low (below 100eV) or medium (approximately 300eV). According to the calculation, we analyze in much detailed the influence of the energy and number density of electron in plasma, the surface initial potential of satellite and its solar cell on the final surface equilibrium voltage. The conclusion is that the plasma whose power level is above 300eV can charge low orbit satellite into arc discharging voltage.