1Nuland SB, Glenn WW, Guifoil PH, et al. Circulatory bypass of the right heart. Surgery, 1958, 43: 184-201.
2Humes RA, Feldt RH, Porter CJ, et al. The modified Fontan operation for asplenia and polyplenia syndrome. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1988, 96:212-218.
3Nawa S, Teramoto S. New extension of the Fontan principle:inferior vena cava-pulmonary artery bridge operation. Thorax, 1988, 43:1022-1023.
4Marcelleti C, Corno A, Giannco S, et al. Inferior vena cava-pulmonary artery extracardiac conduit: a new form of right heart bypass. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1990, 100:228-232.
5Iemura J, Oku H, Saga T, et al. Total extracardiac right heart bypass using a polytetrafluoroethylene graft. J Card Surg, 1997, 12: 32-36.
6Shirai LK, Rosenthal DN, Reitz BA, et al. Arrhythmias and thromboembolic complications after the extracardiac Fontan operation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1998, 115:499-505.
7Tokunga S, Kado H, Imoto Y, et al. Total cavopulmonary connection with an extracardiac conduit: expeierence with 100 patients. Ann Thorac Surg, 2002,73:76-80.
8Marcelletti CF, Hanley Fl, Mavroudis C, et al. Revision of previos Fontan connections to total extracardiac cavopulmonry anastomosis: a multicenter experience. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2000, 119:340-346.
9Alexi-Meskishvili V, Ovroutski S, Dhnert I, et al . Early experi-ence with extracardiac Fontan operation. Ann Thorac Surg, 2001, 71:71-77.
10Al-Ebrahim KE, Shafei H. Extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection without cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg , 1997, 64: 285.
