教育过程中的三种心理效应研究

Research on Three Mental Effects of Education

表情启动效应就是指教师最初站在讲台上所表现出的情绪对学生情绪的感染效应 ,我们的研究表明 ,如果教师表现出积极的愉快情绪 ,学生的愉快情绪的强度会提高 2 6 % ,但是如果教师表现出悲伤情绪 ,学生的悲伤情绪会提高 4 3%。客观语言提示是指教师对学生流露出的语言信息对学生的影响 ,我们的研究表明 ,客观积极的情绪提示可以使学生的积极情绪提高 3.95 % ,同时人的悲伤情绪下降 17.3% ;悲伤情绪提示后 ,人们的悲伤情绪提高 2 6 .8% ,同时 ,愉快情绪下降 16 .7%。在教师引导下 ,学生的主观提示效应也很明显 ,我们的研究表明 ,积极的自我语言提示后 ,愉快情绪强度上升 17.3% ,但是消极的悲伤语言提示后 ,愉快情绪下降 12 .1%。因此 ,目标提示后 ,人的情绪会向着提示的方向改变。目标提示是指人们确定的目标对自己行为的影响效果。我们的研究表明 ,低于学生实际能力的提示 ,造成被试的记忆效果下降 2 0 %以上 ;适当高于学生一般情况的提示 ,可以提高学生的学习效果 15 %～ 18%。

The priming effect of Facial expression is the influence on students made by teacher's facial expression in class. We found, if teacher had a positive facial expression, students will be happy,and the changing degree of it is 26 per cent. But, if teacher had a passive facial expression, students will be sad,and the changing degree of it is 43 per cent. Objective cue is the cue that teacher made on students, we found, positive emotion cue can rise happiness of 3.95%, and the passive emotion cue can rise sadness of 17.3 %. The subjective cue effect by students is obvious. positive self cue can rise happiness of 17.3%,but passive self cue can decline happiness of 12.1%. Goal cue is influence on students made by the goal set by student. We found, if he set a lower goal, he will have a bad memory, the declining degree is 20%. If he set a higher goal, he will have a good memory, and the rising degree is 15% to 18%.