胎膜早破导致母婴感染的相关因素分析

Correlative factors of maternal-fetal infection caused by premature rupture of fetal membranes

目的 探讨胎膜早破产妇及其新生儿感染的高危因素 ,以采取有效措施进行预防控制。方法 采用回顾性调查方法 ,对某院 1999年 1月～ 2 0 0 2年 12月住院的胎膜早破产妇病历进行调查分析。结果 14 16例患者发生感染 4 9例 (3.4 6 % ) ,5 2例次 (3.6 7% )。产妇感染部位构成比中以生殖道占首位 ,为 32 .2 6 % ,手术部位次之 ,占 2 2 .5 8% ;新生儿感染部位构成中以下呼吸道占首位 ,为 5 7.14 % ,皮肤次之 ,占 2 3.81%。结论 胎膜早破至分娩时间长、分娩孕周小、剖宫产是母婴感染的高危因素。预防性使用抗菌药物、尽早发现感染征兆、及时终止妊娠是减少胎膜早破感染的有效措施。

Objective To investigate the high risk factors and effective prevention and control measures for infection in parturients and neonates with premature rupture of fetal membranes. Methods Medical records of patients with premature rupture of fetal membranes in a hospital from January 1999 to December 2002 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Forty-nine infection occurred among 1 416 ( 3.46%) inpatients. The constitutional ratio of genital tract infection in parturients was 32.26%, and incisional infection was 22.58%. The constitutional ratio of lower respiratory tract infection in neonates was 57.14%, and skin infection was 23.81%. Conclusion Premature rupture of fetal membranes is a high risk factor for infection in parturients and neonates. Preventive antimicrobial agents usage, early diagnosis of infection and timely termination of pregnancy are effective means to prevent infection caused by premature rupture of fetal membrane.