儿童呼吸道感染咽部细菌分布

Distribution of pharyngeal bacteria in children with respiratory tract infection

目的 探讨儿童呼吸道感染细菌分布状况 ,建立某地区儿童呼吸道细菌感染谱。方法 选择具有呼吸道感染症状的 6岁以下儿童 ,按照《全国临床检验操作规程》的要求 ,取痰或咽拭子接种兔血平板和巧克力平板培养鉴定。结果 共分离 4 32株病原菌 ,分离率由高到低依次为卡他莫拉菌、克雷伯菌属、葡萄球菌属、肺炎链球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌、嗜血杆菌属、白色念珠菌、草绿色链球菌和肠杆菌。冬春季细菌培养阳性率高于夏秋季 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 影响儿童呼吸道细菌感染的因素很多 ,各地分离细菌种类差异较大。

Objective To evaluate distribution of pharyngeal bacteria in children with respiratory tract infection. Methods Samples of sputum or pharyngeal swab in children under 6 years old with respiratory tract infection were taken to be inoculated on blood agar and chocolate plates. Results Four hundred and thirty-two strains of pathogens were isolated, the isolation rates from high to low were Moraxella catarrhalis, Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus pneumonia, β-haemolytic streptococcus, Haemophilus spp., Candida albicans, Viridans streptococcus and Enterobacter. The positive rates were higher in winter and spring than summer and autumn. Conclusion There are many factors that affect respiratory tract infection in children, the difference in the kinds of isolated bacteria among different areas were significant.