凌濛初“二拍”的叙述腏郊捌渖缁嵩毯?

Narrative Model and Social Significance of Ling Meng-chu's Er Pai

传统所谓"二拍"的道德说教,其实主要表现了作者在社会生活中体验、感受到的经验或哲理。"二拍"独特的"引诗+叙述者议论+入话+叙述者评论+正话+尾评"的叙述模式,多采用冷静超脱的态度叙述具体的人物和事件,强化了小说借故事以阐明生活经验和生活原则,即传统所谓"说理"的功能。中晚明心学既超越传统道德观念以解决个体自我在新的社会政治条件下的哲学存在,又普遍具有关注社会和民生的传统社会责任感,人生观和社会观具有内在的矛盾性。"二拍"中的"说教",是作者在启蒙思想基础上表现拯世济民之心的具体体现,又与晚明的实学思想紧密相联。

The traditionally moral preaching in the so-called Er Pai] mainly re fle cts the experience and philosophy the author learned from his social experience. Er Pai] has special narrative model of poem quotation → narrator 's remark → i ntroduction by a story → narrator's comment → subject discussion → ending (a critic comment)'. Such a model usually adopted dispassionate attitude aloof to p articular characters and events to strengthen the experience and philosophy, nam ely the function of preaching'. Unlike the traditionally moral theory , Xin Xue] (the school of the Universal Mind) in the middle and late of the Ming Dynasty w as concerned with the realistic philosophy in the new social and political condi tion and also paid more attention to people's livelihood. There have inner cont r adiction between outlook on life and world outlook. The preaching' of Er Pai], b ased on the Enlightenment theory, is a display of the author who wanted to salva te people in need. Such an attitude is closely connected with Shi Xue ] (practical learning) of the late Ming dynasty.