吉林省新育成优质水稻品种(系)的品质与产量性状间相关分析

Correlation Analysis of Grain Quality and Yield of New Rice Varieties in Jilin Province

对2002年参加吉林省优质米鉴评的20个新品种(系)的主要品质指标进行了分析,并研究了品质性 状与产量性状的关系。结果表明:参试品种中垩白粒率均未达到部颁优质米(NY/T83-1988)二级标准,胶稠 度、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、透明度、碱消值、精米率、糙米率均达到部颁优质米二级标准,整精米率与垩白 度各品种(系)间有差别;垩白粗率与垩白度呈极显著正相关(r=0.745,P<0.01),与穗数呈显著负相关(r= -0.458,P<0.05);产量与垩白粒率呈显著正相关(r=0.504,P<0.05),与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关(r= -0.526,P<0.05);整精米率与胶稠度呈显著正相关(r=0.519,P<0.05),与稳粒数和实穗拉数呈极显著或显 著负相关(r=-0.552,P<0.01;r=-0.538,P<0.05);千粒重与单穗重呈显著正相关(r=0.494,P<0.05)。 提高整精米率、胶稠度,降低千粒重、单稳重和穗粒数可以兼顾产量与品质的提高。

Some grain quality traits of 20 new rice varieties in the regional trial of Jilin province in 2002 were analyzed. According to Standard for Fine Quality Rice by Ministry of Agriculture, China (NY/T83-1988), no single variety reached the 2nd class of chalky rice rate. The correlation between grain yield and chalky rice rate was significantly positive at 1 % level, and that between grain yield and protein content was significantly negative at 5% level. The correlation between chalky rice rate and chalky area was significantly positive at 1 % level, and that between chalky rice rate, 1000-grain weight and grain yield was significantly positive. It suggested that in order to obtain desirable grain quality in japonica rice, it was necessary to reduce chalky rice rate, chalky area and head rice rate; and to properly reduce 1000-grain weight, the number of total grains per panicle and grains weight per panicle in japonica rice might be considered in good grain quality and high yield rice breeding.