DH育种技术及其在油茶品种改良中的研究现状

DH Breeding Method and Its Implications and Approaches to Variety Improvement in Oiltea Camellia

加倍单倍体(DH)育种技术是现代生物技术育种的重要研究领域。该技术具有效率高、成本低的优点,已在农业和园艺植物的品种改良中得到广泛应用。从油茶品种改良现状入手,综述了DH育种技术研究现状、方向,较详细地叙述了雄核发育的研究概况及DH育种技术在油茶品种改良中的应用途径。以雄核发育诱导为重要技术环节的花药或花粉培养是油茶DH育种的最佳途径。

Characterized by its high efficiency and low cost, the double haploid(DH) breeding method is a very important research area in modern biotechnological plant breeding, and wide use of it has been made in agriculture as well as horticulture crops. Special to China, oiltea camellia is one of the four world-significant woody edible trees. China has a rich variety of camellia germplasm, but most of the cultivars grown are old and poor in quality and production. Therefore, the creation of new and improved varieties has become an urgent necessity. Trial experiments have shown the great potential of anther culture by androgenesis in variety improvement in oiltea camellia, which is believed to be the best approach to obtain DH-based camellia varieties.