广西融水北高村人的遗传学和体质人类学特征

A Genetic and Anthropological Study of Beigao Population and Its Implication in Identification of Its Ethnicity

本研究用适合民族研究的Y染色体非重组区单核苷酸多态 (SNP)单倍型分析方法检测了北高村人和广西已定水族男子的遗传学特征 ,并对北高村人的男女都进行了体质特征观测分析 ,两种方法都得出了北高村人与水族相当一致 ,而与汉族较远 ,综合地证实了北高村人与水族的血缘关系 .鉴于民族不是简单的遗传概念 ,民族成分的正式确认还要解决各方面问题 ,仍须慎重进行 .

Requests have been made for the recognition of their Shui origin by a population, which is over 4000 in size and recognized as Han, residing in Beigao Village, Yongle Township, Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Such requests were yet to be met due to the strong perceived Han linguistic and cultural characteristics of the population. We studied the distribution of the SNP haplotype derived from the non-recombining region of the Y chromosome in Beigao, Shui and other areas of Guangxi and found that Beigao population is genetically very close to Shui but different from Han populations. This observation was further supported by anthropometrical and somatological characteristics of the populations. These observations led to the conclusion that Beigao populations shared a close genetic ancestry with the Shui. However, the identification of nationality requires a careful scrutiny of the relevant authorities.