日语中“推量表现”的研究现状

The Recent Research on Inferential Expressions in Japanese

在现代日语中所谓的“推量表现”是用以表达说话人不确定的判断的表达方式。“推量表现”是日语语法的一个重要组成部分,其中最为常见的就是表示“推量”意义的助动词,可以将其划分为两类,即按着说话人主观意志进行推测的表达方式「ダロウ」和说话人基于客观依据进行推测的表达方式「ヨウダ」「ラシィ」。“推量助动词”以外的推断表达方式主要有思考动词“思ラ”和含有疑问词「カ」的「カモシレナィ」「カナ」「カシラ」等。

Inferential expression is used to express the uncertainty of the speaker.It is an important part in the Japanese grammar, among which the most commonly used is the auxiliary verbs expressing inference. Inferential expression can be classified into two kinds: the inferential expression based on the subjective wills, such as「ダロウ」, and the inferential expressions based on the objective facts, such as 「ヨウダ」、「ラシィ」.Besides auxiliary verbs, there are some other expressions: the verb meaning thought '' and some expressions containing '', such as 「カモシレナィ」、「カナ」、「カシラ」.