“民工潮”现象的社会学研究

A Sociological Study on the Seasonal Migration of Peasants

民工潮是在我国经济和社会改革深化的过程发展起来的农民和农村人口的临时性的机械迁移 ,是我国农村乃至整个社会新的社会分层和社会流动机制运行引发的一个社会经济现象。从另一种视觉来看 ,民工潮包含的两个社会流动过程 :涨潮 (农民从农村向城市流动 )是一个下降的社会流动过程 ,而落潮 (民工回乡 )是一个向上的社会流动过程。民工潮是增强我国农村和城市社会经济发展活力的重要因素 ,对我国城乡的稳定发展也有特殊的积极意义。对民工潮的疏导是长期性工作 ,除了要促进区域经济的平衡发展和乡镇经济发展 ,让农业剩余劳动力尽量就近转移外 。

The seasonal migration of peasants from the country to the city or rather from the city to the country is one of the conclusions of new social and economic systems. Accordingly it consists of two processes of social movements: a relegation process from the country to the city and a promotion process from the city to the country This seasonal movement of peasants has the positive meaning for social stability and development. However, the following measures must be carried out in the long term in order to resolve the problems arising from this migration: a. Balanced development between regional economies, b. Rural economic development, c. Good service from the government, and d. rural formal education and training.