主社区居民对旅游效应的感知研究——以敦煌市为例

Host Perceptions of Tourism Impacts ——A Case of Dunhuang

文章以敦煌市为例,进行了主社区居民对旅游效应的感知实证研究。结果表明,目前正处于"成熟巩固阶段"的敦煌旅游地,其居民对旅游积极效应的感知明显强于对消极效应的感知,且对经济效应的感知强于对社会文化和环境效应的感知;敦煌市已形成了较为鲜明的热爱者、现实主义者、谨慎的热爱者、顾虑者和憎恨者等5类群体。与国内其它案例研究的比较结果,在一定程度上验证了居民感知会随着旅游地生命周期阶段的演变而呈现阶段性变化的特征。

Since the 1970s, the perceived impacts of tourism on host communities has been a growing area of research as it has become widely recognized that planners and entrepreneurs must take the views of the residents in destinations into account if the industry is to be sustainable in the long term. Taking Dunhuang as an example, this paper investigates host perceptions of economic,social_cultural, environmental impacts of tourism. Results show that:(1)In Dunhuang resort, the consolidation stage of Butler′s tourism life cycle theory has come in;(2)The residents have much more aware of positive tourism impacts than negative ones, and they perceive economic impacts more strongly than they do social_cultural and environmental impacts;(3)A hierarchical cluster analysis indicates five clusters are identified in Dunhuang ,including “Lovers”(10.8% of the sample),“Realists”(43.2%),“Cautious Romantics”(37.1%), “Concerned for a reason”(6.6%)and “Haters”(2.4%).By comparing with other case studies in China, it is largely confirmed that host perceptions of tourism impacts vary with the different development stage of tourism life cycle.