北京城区16～30个月正常幼儿语法发育状况

Development Level of Phrases and Sentences in Toddlers

目的:调查北京市城区正常幼儿语法发育水平,了解幼儿语法发育的趋势和特点,以便有针对性地对父母提供指导.方法:采用现况定量研究方法.用多阶段分层不等比例抽样方法在北京4个城区中的2个区抽取样本.用'中文早期语言与沟通发展量表'及个人背景问卷,对北京城区1056名16～30个月幼儿母亲或养护人进行面对面问卷调查.用中位数、均数描述幼儿语法发育趋势和特点,用两样本成组秩和检验比较男女童语法发育水平.结果:调查地区16～30个月龄正常幼儿会说语法表达结构中位数随月龄呈直线上升趋势.平均会说语法表达结构得分由16个月时的5分增加到24个月的67分,30个月时达91分.30个月时幼儿会说的语法表达结构已占量表表达结构总分的90%.儿童早期语法发育有较大的个体差异,月龄越小,个体差异越大.结论:女童在23个月前、男童在25个月前是语法发育的快速期和关键期.儿童早期语法发育有较大的个体差异.

Objective:To assess the level of phrases and sentences development of health toddlers in urban Beijing and to identify the characteristics of toddlers' grammar. Methods:This is a quantitative Cross-sectional Study. Using Chinese Communicative Development Inventory mandarin version (CCDI), a questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents or care givers of 1056 toddlers(16~30months), randomly stratified selected in two urban districts of Beijing. Results:The scores of phrases and sentences development both in girls and boys increase very quickly like a line. Toddlers of 16 months can speak five kinds of phrases and sentences, toddlers of 24 months can speak sixty seven kinds, toddlers of 30 months can speak ninety one kinds, which account for 90% of the whole phrases and sentences scores of the inventory. The younger the toddlers are and the bigger the differences of the score of phrases and sentences between the individuals are. Conclusion:The stages of age before 23 months in girls and before 25 months in boys are key and quick ones of toddlers' phrases and sentences develop. The phrases and sentences development of toddlers shows bigger differences between individuals.