都铎晚期和斯图亚特早期英国地方官职考

Research in Local Officeholder in Late Tudor and Early Stuart England

都铎王朝晚期和斯图亚特王朝早期,英国社会发生着巨大的变化,伴随着中央权力的集中,地方官职也相应地发生着变化。国内史学界对这一时期的地方官职的系统研究较少,有的地方官职的名称都未曾见到过,更谈不上对其职责的认识。而且,在这一时期,新的地方官职开始出现,旧的地方官职的部分职能被他人所取代;地方官职的结构和功能出现了新的特点。阐释清楚地方官职的问题,对于我们全面认识这一时期英国的尤其是英国地方层面的政治、经济和社会的发展变化是有意义的。

The period from late Tudor to early Stuart was the time of transformation for British society, in which there were great changes in many aspects, particularly in the officeholder. The system of local officeholder wes very complicated. And in this period, new local officeholder emerged , some functions and powers of the old officeholder were replaced by others, the structure of local officeholder system had new characteristics.