香料烟调制期间淀粉酶等生理生化指标动态变化

Dynamic changes of some physiological and biochemical characteristics in oriental tobacco leaves during air-curing

对香料烟叶片进行不同晾制时间处理,研究了几种晾制条件下叶片在调制期间淀粉酶活性、含水量、色素含量及呼吸强度等生理生化指标的动态变化规律。结果表明,烟叶在调制期间的生理活性变化与晾制时间有密切关系。淀粉酶活性在调制期间呈先升后降再升高的变化趋势,晾制时间长,调制初期酶活性变化幅度大,随晾制时间的缩短,酶活性降低,高峰时间滞后;调制期间各处理和对照叶片含水量、淀粉含量和呼吸强度都呈降低趋势;同时烟叶水分减少使色素发生降解,其中叶绿素降解速度较快,类胡萝卜素相对较稳定,调制后在叶片中保留较多。

The change rules of some physiological and biochemical indexes including amylase activity, moisture content, pigment amount and respiratory intensity in oriental tobacco leaves were studied under different air-curing time. The results indicated that there was close relationship between physiological and biochemical changes of leaves and air-curing time. The activities of amylase rose firstly, then declined and went up finally again. If the air-curing time was long, the changing range of activities of amylase was high at the beginning of air-curing. With the shortening of air-curing time, activities of amylase declined and the peak time was postponed. The moisture content, starch content and respiratory intensity of all treatments declined during air-curing. The decrease of moisture content resulted in the reduction of pigments, chlorophylls reduced much more quickly than any others, but carotinoid was more stable. Therefore, carotinoid retained high level in the oriental tobacco leaves after curing.