氮钾配施对生姜产量和砂姜黑土肥力的效应

Effect of Nitrogen Application Combined with Potassium on Ginger Yield and Lime Concretion Black Soil Fertility

研究了淮北平原砂姜黑土地区生姜氮钾配施的增产效应和对土壤养分的影响。结果表 明:氮钾配施可以大幅度提高生姜的产量,施钾的增产幅度,柴姜为15.3%～58.4%,平均增产率 为35.8%;狮子头姜产量提高18.2%～46.9%,平均增产28.7%。增施氮钾肥可有效提高土壤有 机质、全N、有效P、速效K、缓效K、有效Ca和有效Mg含量,降低NO3-盐含量,促使土壤pH趋于 中性,对全P和碱解N含量影响较小。土壤N素和P素大量盈余,不施钾时土壤K亏损严重,施钾 处理土壤钾基本上处于盈余状态,有利于维持和提高土壤肥力。

Four field experiments about effect of nitrogen application combined with potassium on ginger yield and soil nutrient in Lime concretion black soil district Huaibei plain was conducted for three years. The results showed that applying nitrogen combined with potassium could in crease ginger yield by a big margin. The output increased by 18.2%～46.9% with the average rate of growth 28.7% for Chai ginger, and 18.2～46.9% and 35.8% for lion head ginger compared ginger yield of treatments which applied with potassium with that of the control. Nitrogen application combined with potassium could efficiently improve the content of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, slow-available potassium, available calcium and magnesium in soil, decrease the content of nitrate, make soil pH turning to be neutral, and without an obvious influence on the content of total phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in soil. The profit-losses status of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Lime concretion black soil showed that nitrogen and phosphorus in soil was surplus plentifully, potassium in soil being deficient seriously when not applying potassium fertilizer, but soil potassium basically being at the situation of profit for the treatments applied with potassium, and it was favorable to maintain and improve soil fertility.