从阶级道德到公民道德的德育转向——关于德育研究的系统方法论

Transfer from Class Morality to Citizenship Morality

本文通过对计划经济时代和市场经济时代的道德研究分析 ,认为计划经济时代的德育 ,实际上是信仰教育、政党教育、政治教育、党课教育等 ,亦即是阶级道德教育 ,而市场经济时代的道德教育倡导公民道德教育 ,其主要完成的目标是善良、诚信、责任。随着中国加入WTO之后 ,中国应该与世界建立共同的价值关系和伦理关系 ,如果我们仍然坚持计划经济时代的阶级道德 ,一则将直接毁灭市场经济 ,二则也难以建设中国与世界的现代关系 ,对此 ,文章提出德育转向的命题和实现转向的德育系统工程。德育系统工程由纵横两个座标组成。纵向座标包括 :道德养成阶段 ,道德认知阶段 ,道德情感阶段 ,道德情操阶段 ;横向座标包括 :家庭、学校、社会。

By making an analysis of the morality in the age of planned economy and that of market economy respectively,this thesis holds that the morality education in the planned economy age is in fact a one of belief,party and politics.And this kind of morality education is no more than a class notion education.In contrast,the morality education in market economy age can be defined as a citizenship morality education.The main goal to be attained is embodied in the following words:good heart,integrity and responsibility.Now China has entered WTO,we are supposed to establish common values and ethics relationships with other countiries.If we still cling to the class morality of the planned economy,it will not only directly ruin the market economy.but also make it difficult for China to set up a modern relationship with the outside world.The paper henceforth puts forward the proposition of the transfer of morality education and suggests a system program for realizing such a tranfer.This system is made up of two coordinates vertically and laterally.The vertical coordinate includes:morality cultivation,morality cognition,morality feelings and morality sense.The lateral one includes:family,school and the society.