古田山国家自然保护区黄山松林主要种群生态位研究

Study on the niche of the main tree population in Pinus taiwanensis forest in Gutian Mountain National Nature Reserve

采用样方法进行调查,每个样地面积为20m×20m。测度主要种群的生态位宽度、生态位相似比例、生态位重叠值。结果表明,黄山松、木荷、野漆树、甜槠等有较大的生态位宽度,其Levins生态位宽度(Bi值)和Hurlbert生态位宽度(Ba值)分别为0.7619、0.6517、0.5886、0.5384和0.9175、0.6278、0.5571、0.4377;野鸭椿的生态位宽度最小,其Bi值和Ba值分别为0.3655和0.2343。黄山松、木荷、野漆树、甜槠等生态位宽度较大的树种,生态位相似性比例高;而生态位宽度较小的物种,生态位相似性比例较小。黄山松、木荷、野漆树、甜槠等生态位宽度较大种群之间具有较大的生态位重叠。

In this paper the niche of the main tree populations in Pinus taiwanensis forest in Gutian Mountain National Nature Reserve were measured using the formulas of niche breadth, niche similarity and niche overlap by sampling method, every plot was 20 m×20 m. The results showed: the niche breadths of Pinus taiwanensis, Schima superba, Toxicodendron succedaneum, and Castanopsis eyrei were great, their Levins and Hurlbert’s niche breaths (Bi and Ba) were 0.761 9, 0.651 7, 0.588 6, 0.538 4 and 0.917 5, 0.627 8, 0.557 1, 0.437 7 respectively. But the niche breadth of Euscaphis japonica was smallest, its Bi and Bawas 0.365 5 and 0.234 3 respectively. The niche similarity among the species with broad niche breadths was much greater, such as Pinus taiwanensis, Schima superba, Toxicodendron succedaneum, and Castanopsis eyrei, et al. On the contrary, the niche similarity among the species with small niche breadths was lower. The niche overlaps among the species with broad niche breadths were much greater.