转轨期前苏联东欧社会保障变革中女性利益分析

The Analysis of Women's benefit in the Reform of Social Security System in the Transitional Former Soviet Union and the East and Central Europe

家庭福利政策和养老金制度是社会保障制度中与女性福利、两性平等密切相关的两个方面。转轨前前苏联东欧国家的家庭福利政策和养老金制度是有利于女性参与有酬劳动的,然而在转轨期这一地区的社会保障制度在这两个方面发生了诸多变革,这些变革总体上是不利于女性参与新的劳动力市场竞争的,新制度加重了女性的双重负担,倾向于惩罚无酬家庭劳动。

The family policy and the old pension system are two policies of the social security system, which is close relation with female's benefit and gender equality. Before the transition, the two policies are advantage for women to take part in the paid work in the Former Soviet Union and East and Central Europe. However, during the transition they have been reformed much in this area. This reform is disadvantage to the women participating in the competition in the new labor market, the new system puts much more double burden on the women and tends to punish the unpaid family work.