试论《三国演义》在“天命”和“人事”之间的两难抉择

On Determinations Between “Predestination” and “Life Occurrence” in the Novel “Romance of The Three Kingdoms”

《三国演义》一方面流露出较浓厚的“天命”色彩 ,认为“纷纷世事无穷尽 ,天数茫茫不可逃”;另一方面 ,又认为“天道变易不常 ,岂可拘执 ?”从而积极肯定“人事”,热情歌颂人的主观努力 ,赞扬建功立业 ,生命不息 ,奋斗不止的进取精神。这种矛盾建构 ,积淀着中国传统文化精神。中国传统哲学虽有重“天命”、“天理”、“天道”的一面 ,但同时又主张“权变”,赞扬“人”的崇高 ,认为“人”才是天地的核心。这种矛盾建构实际上是有机统一的 ,它统一于“天人合一”

The novel “Romance of The Three Kingdoms” reflects both the strong color of “predestination” the ideal of “non escapism” and “the occurrence in one's life” active verification of personal efforts and enthusiasm of life long struggle. This contradiction shows dual aspects:spiritual value of the Chinese traditional cultural and philosophy stressing “predestination, heavenly rule and order”; advocate of “suit the measures to realities” and selection of “lofty human” core of universe. This contradiction is based on the facts of consisency and the traditional philosophy of “integration of predestination and life occurrence”