乳腺癌遗传基因的医学伦理学思考

A Medical Ethics Thinking on Breast Cancer Genetic Gene

乳腺癌是妇女最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,目前发病年龄提前,发病率呈上升趋势。其中有5%～10%的乳腺癌患者伴有遗传基因突变,遗传基因中最引人注目的是BRCA1基因。遗传基因的发现可在分子水平早期诊断乳腺癌,可早期采取预防措施减少乳腺癌的死亡率。另一方面也给带有突变基因的家族带来巨大的精神负担,甚至引起法律、保险、伦理学等问题。希望在发现遗传基因的同时能让该基因真正地造福于人类而不是出现新的基因“贱民”。

Breast cancer is a most common tumor o f women.At present the morbid age is y ounger than ever and morbidity is increasing.About 5to 10percent bre ast cancer patients carry genetic mu tation genes such as BRCA1,BRCA2,BR CA3ect.And BR-CA1gene especially,has caught the world -wide attention.We can early di agnose breast cancer through detecting mutations of BRCA1and take precautionary measures gen e.This can decrease mortality of bre ast cancer to some extent,but on the o ther hand can bring about heavy mental burden on the memb ers of those families with genetic mu tation genes,even cause problems of law,insurance,and ethics.So we hope that the discovery of genetic gene can really bring welfare to human being but not result in new gene'humbleman.