冬小麦微量元素吸收特点的研究

A STUDY ON THE ABSORPTION OF MICRONUTRIENTS BY WINTER WHEAT

本文对冬小麦(Triticum aostivum L.)不同生育时期植株微量元素的含量(μg·g^(-1)DW)、积累量(μg·100plant^(-1))和吸收强度(μg·100plant^(-1)·day^(-1))进行了研究。结果表明,植株铜、锰、钼的含量以返青至拔节阶段最高、植株含锌量以越冬前苗期最高,植株铜、锌、锰、铝的含量均以成熟期最低。不同器官中微量元素的含量以籽粒中最高。冬小麦在拔节前对微量元素的吸收量较少;拔节至开花吸收加快;在开花后植株对铜、锰、钼仍有较强的吸收能力。冬小麦每生产1公斤籽粒需要吸收铜8.25毫克、锌32.52毫克、锰74.83毫克、钼0.64毫克。

The pot experiment was carried out to measure the micronutrients content (μg·g^(-1)DW), accumulation (μg·100plant^(-1)) and absorption per day (μg·100plant^(-1)·day^(-1)) of wheat plants at different stages of growth. The main results are as follows: There were high contents of Cu, Mn and Mo in wheat tops from reviving to jointing stage. The Zn content in wheat tops was high at seedling stage before wintering. There were the lowest contents of Cu, Zn, Mn and Mo in wheat tops at maturing. The contents of micronutrients in grains were higher than those in any other parts. Before jointing stage, the micronutrients accumulation of wheat plant were less than those from jointing to anthesis. After anthesis stage, the wheat plant can absorb certain amount of Cu, Zn, Mn and Mo as well. The results indicate that the wheat plants must need 8.25mg Cu, 32.52mg Zn, 74.83mg Mn and 0.64mg Mo for yielding 1 kg grains. This paper will be of certain value in determining application time and rate of Cu, Zn, Mn and Mo fertilizers in winter wheat.