辣椒子叶和下胚轴的离体培养及高效再生体系的建立

Plant regeneration from cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of pepper in vitro and high efficient system establishment of plant regeneration

采用 9 个辣椒品种(Capsicum annuum L.)的子叶和下胚轴,分别离体培养在附加不同激素及化合物的MB5培养基上,对苗龄、基因型、不同外植体、激素组合和 AgNO3等对外植体不定芽诱导分化和芽伸长的影响进行研究。结果表明,苗龄对外植体不定芽分化的方式有直接影响;AgNO3的加入可使芽分化率平均提高 20 %～30 %,并缩短外植体再生时间;子叶的不定芽分化率高于下胚轴;B5维生素有利于芽的生长和芽伸长率的提高。通过结果比较,筛选出了辣椒子叶和下胚轴离体再生的较好芽分化培养基为 MB5+5 mg/L、6-BA+0.5 mg/L、IAA+4 mg/L、AgNO3+30 g/L、蔗糖+5 g/L 琼脂;芽伸长培养基为 MB5+3 mg/L、6-BA+1 mg/L、IAA+2 mg/L、GA3+4 mg/L、AgNO3+30 g/L、蔗糖+5 g/L 琼脂;生根培养基为 1/2 MS+0.2 mg/L、IAA+0.1 mg/L NAA。

Cotyledon and hypocotyl explants from 9 cultivars of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with B5 vitamins, and different combination of growth regulators.The effects of seedling stage, genotypes, different explant types, combinations of hormone and AgNO3 on differentiation and elongation of shoots of pepper cotyledon and hypocotyl were observed. The results showed that seedling stage had direct effect on the way of shoots differentiation. AgNO3 signifitantly increased the frequency of shoot induction and shortened the time for explant regeneration. The frequency of shoot differentiation from cotyledon explants was higher than that from hypocotyl explants. B5 vitamins were favourable for shoots growth and increasing the frequency of elongation of shoot of pepper explants.The optimal regeneration mediums for shoots induction, shoots elongation and rooting of cotyledon and hypocotyl explants of pepper were obtained: the shoot induction medium: MB5+5 mg/L6-BA+0.5 mg/L IAA+4 mg/L AgNO3; the shoots elongation medium: MB5+3 mg/L 6-BA+1 mg/L IAA+2 mg/L GA3+4 mg/L AgNO3; the rooting medium: 1/2 MS+0.2 mg/L IAA+0.1 mg/L NAA, respectively.