人类颜色视觉的计算理论

A COMPUTATIONAL THEORY FOR HUMAN COLOR VISION

该文有机地结合了计算视觉理论和生态学视觉理论,指出颜色信息处理的根本任务是检测环境中的光不变量。在此基础上,作者提出了颜色视觉的计算理论以及计算理论本身的生物学标准。初级视觉计算是典型的不适定问题,动物的视觉系统则利用视环境中存在的条件将该不适定问题转化为定解问题。本文引入颜色视觉计算的免要条件,客观性约束,以及颜色认知的神经表象,证明了上述约束下颜色算法的存在性。本文给出了构造颜色知觉的基本假设。同时,该文还讨论了与上述问题密切相关的几个基本问题:神经表象的完备性,主观色觉的客观性,明度知觉和颜色知觉的统一,人类主观色觉的实现方式。

Combining ecological optics with computational vision, we claim that theunderlying task of color information processing is detecting light invariant,which is spectral reflectance of physical surfaces. On this foundation, we pro-pose a computational theory of color vision and a biological standard ofcomputational vision itself. Early color vigion is a typical ill-posed problem, some constraints mustbe introduced. The first two constraints are full-spectrum and full-color con-straint. After proof of the existance of color algorithm, a subjectivedescription of physical surfaces is constructed, that is relative reflectance. Itis reasonable that the relative refletance is a neural representation of color andbrightness perception. For the objectivity of color perception, the third con- straint, objective constraint, is proposed. As a result, the basic assumption forconstructing color perception is as follows. The early vision system constructs color perception in optic environment.If tke information processing fits well with the full -spectrum, full-color andobjectivity constraints, the constructed color perception is a neural representationof color and brightness. We expound the completeness of neural representation, the objectivity ofcolor perception, and some problems on performance of color vision. We arguethat brightness and color vision is unity and should be considered on the sameframework. Both differences of color and brightness in spatial-temporal domainplay an important role in conveying visual information. Some psychophysicaland physiological results are consistent to the computational theory of colorvision and the unity of color and brightness in early vision.