我国高等教育公共支出的直接受益者的实证研究

Empirical Study of the Direct Beneficiary of Public Expenditure on Higher Education in China

我国高等教育公共支出直接收益者的抽样调查表明:东部家庭子女以及城镇家庭子女是我国公共高等教育资源的主要受益者,中部家庭子女以及农村家庭子女在享受公共高等教育资源方面处于明显劣势;"政府从公平角度应承担较大财务责任以帮助低收入家庭子女完成学业"、"学费提高会限制低收入家庭子女接受高等教育"的立论缺乏数据支持。分析表明:高等院校分布不均衡、高考分数面前不平等以及各地高考加分政策不统一是形成当前利益归宿格局的主要体制因素。定量模型分析则表明,教育部院校的分布在其中也负有主要责任。

Research on benefit distribution of public expenditure on higher education shows: children from eastern China and urban family are the beneficiaries of public expenditure, while children from Central China and rural family are in obvious inferior position. That 'government should support the low-income household through free higher education' and 'rising tuition fee can restrain low-income household children's higher education opportunities' have not got sufficient data support on various levels. Further analysis shows that unbalanced distribution in universities, unequal opportunities in same college entrance examination score and different additional scores policy are the main factors.