大学生注意力调控能力的性别比较研究

Study on the Attention-regulating Ability in Male and Female Undergraduate Students

应用Stroop干扰任务,对37名一年级男女大学生的注意力调控能力进行了检测和性别比较.Stroop干扰任务的核心是:受试必须抑制"背景"干扰,正确地提取和处理"前景"信号.与常用的Stroop干扰任务不同的是,运用开发的计算机软件,让受试者通过触摸荧屏来完成任务.通过这套软件,精确地记录了男女大学生的操作正确率和反应时间.结果表明,一年级男女大学生在两个不同难度级别(刺激呈现时间分别为1000ms和750ms)的测试中,反应正确率和反应时间两个行为指标上的得分非常接近.这一结果提示,男女大学生在注意力调控能力方面不存在显著性差异.

Attention-regulating ability was investigated in male and female undergraduate students, a cognitive function involving the prefrontal cortex. 37 first-year college students (18 male and 19 female) were tested. They performed the Stroop Interference Task, in which they had to overcome distracting noise (for example, the color the word 'RED' represents) in order to acquire signal information (for example, the color in which the word 'RED' is displayed). Results showed that the male and female students performed equally well on this kind of task. They demonstrated similar correct rate of performance and reaction time in two levels of the task, one with stimulus presentation of 1000 ms and the other 750 ms. The present results indicate that there is no significant difference in attention-regulation ability between male and female undergraduate students.