中国海相地层油气成藏条件与有利勘探领域分析

Conditions forOil and Gas Migration andAccumulation of Marine Formations in China and Analysis of Favorable Exploration Fields

我国海相地层主要分布于陆上的塔里木盆地、四川盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、渤海湾盆地、南华北盆地和南方的扬子地区,以及近海海域的渤海湾盆地、北黄海盆地、南黄海盆地,以中生界和古生界沉积为主,在东海、南海海域部分盆地的第三系中,亦有海相沉积赋存,分布面积广泛。在总结我国海相地层油气地质基本特征的基础上,将已发现的海相油气藏划分为原生型、次生型、再生烃3种成因类型油气藏,并综合分析了这3类油气藏形成分布的主控地质因素与有利勘探领域。我国海相烃源岩成因油气的勘探程度总体较低,具备广阔的勘探前景。应该针对陆上原生与次生油气藏形成分布带、海域原生油气藏形成分布带,加强海相地层的勘探力度。

The formations of marine facies in China are distributed mainly in Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, Ordos Basin, Bohai Bay Basin, the southern part of Huabei Basin, the Yangtze region in South China and offshore areas such as the northern and southern parts of Yellow Sea Basin. They are mainly Mesozoic and Paleozoic deposits. The deposits of marine facies also exist in some Tertiary basins in the offshore areas of East China Sea and South China Sea and are distributed extensively. Based on summarization of the basic oil and gas geological characteristics for China?s marine formation, the discovered oil and gas reservoirs of marine facies are divided into three genetic types – original, secondary and re-sourcing. The article analyzes the main controlling factors for migration and accumulation as well as distribution of the oil and gas reservoirs of the three types and the favorable exploration ?elds. Exploration of marine oil and gas is at a relatively low degree in China but has a broad prospect. The efforts should be strengthened for exploration marine formations in the light of distribution of continental original and secondary oil and gas reservoirs and distribution of marine original oil and gas reservoirs.