岩石材料三轴压缩动力特性的试验研究

Experimental Studies of Dynamic Characteristic of Rocks under Triaxial Compression

应用RDT-1000型岩石高压动力三轴仪,在围压为0～90MPa,轴向应变速率为(10^(-5)～10~1)/s的范围内,对凝灰岩和混凝土进行动力三轴试验,系统研究它们在冲击动力作用下的破坏强度及其力学响应。获得凝灰岩和混凝土在此条件下的破坏判据及如下特性:应变速率和加载速率的对数呈线性关系;破坏强度和变形模量随加载速率的提高而提高;泊松比随加载速率的提高而减少;对破坏性态来说,提高围压或降低加载速率可增加岩石类的塑性,使破坏向塑剪型发展,反之则向脆断型发展。

Dynamic triaxiai tests of tuff and cgncrete were made under confining pressure 0~90 MPa and with axial strain rate (10^-5~10~1)/s. through RDT-1000 rock high confining pressure dynamic triaxiai apparatus. Failure strengthes and mechanical responses under shock dynamic action were studied systematically. Failure criterions and following characteristics of tuff and concrete under this condition were Obtained. Strain rates change linearly with the logarithm of loading rates; failure strengthes and deformation modula increase with the loading rates increase; Poisson's ratio increase as loading rates' decrease; the increases of confining pressure and reductions of loading rates can improve rocks plasticity, develop failure of plasto-shear type, otherwise develop brittle type of failure.