不同杂交品种肉牛育肥效果的比较试验

The Comparative Experiment on Finishing Effects of Different Crossbred Beef

选择不同杂交品种肉牛和延边牛共 2 0头 ,即西黄牛 (西门塔尔×延边牛 )、夏黄牛 (夏洛来×延边牛 )、皮黄牛 (皮埃蒙特×延边牛 )的F1和黄牛 (延边牛 )公牛各 5头 ,进行了 10 0天育肥饲养比较试验。结果表明 :夏黄牛 (13 3 4g)、西黄牛(13 0 9g)和皮黄牛 (112 1g)育肥期平均日增重均显著高于黄牛 (82 7g ,P <0 0 5 ) ,西黄牛和夏黄牛平均日增重也分别显著高于皮黄牛 ,而西黄牛和夏黄牛之间没有显著性差异。夏黄牛 (61 3 % )、西黄牛 (60 8% )和皮黄牛 (5 8 2 % )屠宰率均显著高于黄牛 (5 1 2 % ,P <0 0 5 ) ,杂交组肉牛屠宰率间没有显著性差异 ;三个杂交组肉牛净肉率均显著高于黄牛 (P <0 0 5 ) ,虽然西黄和夏黄净肉率之间比较差异不显著 ,但是却分别显著高于皮黄。三个杂交组肉牛眼肌面积均比黄牛大 ,而杂交组之间没有显著差异 ;西黄和皮黄大理石纹状度较好 ,夏黄牛肉嫩度均不如西黄牛、皮黄牛和黄牛。四个组之间牛肉的PH和灰分指标没有差异 ,但是黄牛肉蛋白质含量分别显著高于三个杂交组牛 ,皮黄牛肉脂肪含量明显低于其他三组牛。

s:This experiment selects twenty different crossbred beefs and Yanbian yellow cattle to go on comparative experiment of finishing effects in 100 days. The twenty cattle include five crossbreeding F 1 bulls of Simmental×Yanbian yellow cattle(SY), five crossbreeding F 1 bulls of Charolais×Yanbian yellow cattle(CY), five crossbreeding F 1 bulls of Piedmontese × Yanbian yellow cattle(PY) and five Yanbian yellow bulls.The result show as follows: CY(1334g ) and SY(1309) and PY(1121g)’s average daily gain were all significantly higher than Yanbian yellow bull(827g P<0.05)’s;CY and SY’s average daily gains were significantly higher than PY’s respectively(P<0.05);but it was no significantly different between CY and SY.CY(61.3%) and SY(60.8%) and PY(58.2%)’s,dressing percentage was all significantly higher than Yanbian yellow bull’s respectively (51.2% P<0.05),but it was no significantly different between different crossbred group.Net beef percentage of the three crossbred group’s was all significantly higher than Yanbian yellow bull(P<0.05)’s;SY and CY’s net beef percentages were significantly higher than PY’s,but they were not significantly different each other.