张掖节水型社会建设中的农业节水关键技术及集成模式

Key technologies and integration mode for water savings in agriculture during the development of water-saving society in Zhangye Municipality

作者针对张掖地区建设节水型社会、确保农业可持续发展的目标,提出研究适合当地条件的农业节水关键技术,建立和推广应用农业节水技术集成模式的必要性。作者认为在开展灌溉输配水技术、地面灌溉技术、以水权为中心的农户参与式灌溉用水管理技术、非充分灌溉条件下的作物灌溉制度、生物及农艺节水技术、区域地表水与地下水联合运用优化配置技术等农业节水关键技术研究基础上,建立和推广适宜当地大田粮食作物、大田高收益经济作物和设施高效益作物的农业节水技术集成模式。各类农业节水技术集成模式中采用不同的主体节水技术和相关配套技术以及针对不同应用对象的推广方式,技术集成模式推广中需要考虑和探索解决适用规模、节水灌溉技术选用准则、推广应用方式和推广服务体系建设等相关问题。

The authors indicate that it is extremely essential for the Zhangye Municipality to study water savings key technologies in agriculture suitable to local conditions and to establish,extend and apply an integration mode of water saving technologies in order to fulfill the objective of building a water-saving society and guaranteeing sustainable development of agriculture.The integration mode of water saving in agriculture should be adaptable for field cereal crops,high-income cash crops and high facility-benefit crops.Investigation must be conducted on the water savings key technologies in the following aspects:irrigation water conveyance and allocation,surface irrigation,participatory irrigation water management with water rights orientation,crop irrigation system under insufficient irrigation conditions,biological and agricultural water-saving,conjunctive use and optimal allocation of regional surface water and groundwater.Different water-saving technologies,relevant auxiliary approaches as well as different extension ways aiming at different application objects should be adopted in the integration mode.At the same time,suitable scales,principles for selecting water-saving irrigation technologies,extension and application ways and developing extension service systems etc.,should be taken into account and studied during extension of the integration mode of technologies.