风险、预算、信息与有效预防——传染病预防的经济学分析

Risk, Budget, Information and Effective Prevention: Economic Analysis of the Prevention of Infectious Diseases

对传染病的经济学分析才刚刚开始,分析主要集中在对艾滋病、天花等疾病的分析上,给出了传染病防治的一些基本模型。但这些分析没有形成一个系统的框架。我们从传染病的个人预防出发,分别讨论了风险、预算、信息三个因素对个人预防行为的作用,得出的结论是基于上述约束的个人预防无法实现传染病的有效预防,需要政府等外力的介入以突破个人预防困境。

Economics analysis of infectious diseases, which is just beginning, concentrates on diseases, such as AIDS, smallpox, etc. in an attempt to provide some basic models that the infectious diseases can be prevented and cured. But up to now there has not been a systematic framework within which such analyses can be carried out. With the prevention of infectious diseases as an example, the present article is a discussion of the role the three factors: risk, budget, and information in an individual's preventive behavior. The following conclusions have been arrived at: an individual's preventive measures are not effective in the prevention of infectious diseases; governmental intervention is required in order for individuals to prevent infectious diseases effectively.