河汾诸老探赜

On the Poets of the He- Fen School

河汾诸老是金末元初一批出生或落籍于黄河、汾河流域的诗人。他们通过自己的创作实践丰富了文坛巨星元好问“以唐人为指归”诗学思想的内涵,为肇启元明宗唐复古诗风作出了一定的贡献。严格说来,他们应被称为诗人群体而非诗派。其群体性活动和文学创作可先后以金室南渡和蒙古灭金为断,分为三期。其诗作以反映战乱带给人民的灾难和表现隐逸生活、山林情趣为主,兼有“陶之达”和“杜之忧”两种倾向。其诗学宗尚与金末元初学唐复古诗风相一致,但在学唐诗诸家方面特别强调转益多师,不拘一格。河汾诸老是金元易代之际文坛的重要现象,是一个有影响的金遗民诗人群体,对当时文学的继往开来和促使元诗繁荣有一定的历史意义。

The poets of the He- Fen school were those who were born in or finally emigrated to the Yellow River valley or the Fen River valley during late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. They enriched the poetics aiming at the excellence of Tang poetry put forward by the then literary giant Yuan Hao- wen through their own poetical creation, and contributed to a certain degree to the emergence of the tendency to model after Tang poets and learn from the ancients in Yuan and Ming Dynasties. Strictly speaking, they were just a group of poets, rather than a school. Their activities and literary creation can be divided into three stages according to two historic events: the rule of the Jin Dynasty crossing the Yellow River and the ending of the Jin Dynasty in the hands of Mongolians. Their poems mainly reflected the sufferings and chaos caused by war, or the retiring lives in the mountains. So, their poems showed both the Tao Yuanming- style indifference to worldly affairs and Du Fu- style worrying about the life of the common. Their poetical conceptions were consistent with the then trend of modeling after Tang poets and learning the ancients, but they stressed on learning from as many as possible poets rather than sticking to one particular one. They were an important group of poet at that time, furnishing as an important phenomenon, and boasting positive historic significance in literary inheritance and the flourishing of Yuan poetical creation.