海德格尔:从“语言说”到解释学解释

HEIDEGGER: FROM “DIE SPRACHE SPRICHT” TO THE INTERPRETATION OF HERMENEUTIK

海德格尔一反传统的语言观,认为语言是区分在场和在场者二者纯一性之二重性的寂静之音,人应合语言之说而道说,诗是人之纯粹所说。海德格尔认为,语言规定着解释学关联,解释是带来存在真理之音信和消息的展示。海德格尔的解释学在根本上有别于施莱尔马赫、狄尔泰、加达默尔的解释学。如果说施莱尔马赫的解释学是方法论的,那么,海德格尔意义的解释学则是存在论的。狄尔泰的解释是对生命体验的表达的解释,海德格尔的解释学意义则是存在消息的带来和保存。加达默尔的解释强调对神的消息的翻译,而海德格尔则强调对存在真理的倾听。

Departing from traditional language viewpoint, Heidegger thought that a language was das Gelêüut der stille to distinguish the difference from similarity of being on the scene and ones on the scene. Sagen was that humans Entsprechen Sprechen of a certain language while poetry was what humans sprechen purely. Heidegger thought that a language stipulated the connection of hermeneutik, and interpretation was to lay bare the existing messages of truth and news. Heidegger's hermeneutik was thoroughly different from those of Schleiermacher, Dilthey and Gaddamul. Suppose Schleiermacher's was methodology, Heidegger's was existence doctrine then. Dilthey's was the interpretation of life's experiences, whereas Heidegger's meant the possession and preservation of the existing message. Goddamul's laid emphasis on the interpretation of God's messages, while Heidegger stressed the listening of truth.