雷州半岛红树林滩涂底栖生物多样性的初步研究

Study on biodiversity of mangrove benthos in Leizhou Peninsula

分析了广东省雷州半岛红树林滩涂底栖生物种类组成与数量分布特点 ,用Shan non Wiener多样性指数(H′)、Pielous种类均匀度(J)、种类丰度(D)、Berger Parker优势度指数(I)4个测定红树林群落种类多样性指标进行数值分析。结果表明 ,调查所采获的底栖生物种类共有68科165种 ,种类组成以软体动物和甲壳类动物为主。红树林滩涂全年平均生物量为223.25g/m2 ,平均栖息密度为210.97个/m2。H′甚高 ,2个季度平均为2.2633～2.7411 ,J平均为0.6407～0.6411 ,D平均达到1.4910～2.6232。全年各类群生物组成中 ,生物量及栖息密度以软体动物居首位。红树林滩涂底栖生物主要经济种类有中国绿螂(Glauconomechinen sis)、四角蛤蜊(Mactra(Mactra)veneriformis)、青蛤(Cyclinasinensis)等20多种。

Species and distribution of mangrove benthos in Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong Province were analyzed.The Shannon-wiener diversity index(H′),Pielous species uniform(J),Margalef species abundance index(D)and Berger-Parker dominant degree(I)were used to conduct the numerical analysis of species diversity of mangrove benthos community.The results show that there were165species belong68families of which mollusks and crustaceans were the majority.The annual average biomass and density were223.25g/m 2 and210.97Ind/m 2 ,and the H′value was high,average of two seasons were2.2633to2.7411.The J value were be were0.6407and0.6411and D were1.4910to2.6232.The mollusks were the first in biomass and density of the benthos in two seasons.Main commercial species were over20such as bivalve Glauconme chinensis,Mactra(Mactra)veneriformis and Cyclina sinensis ectal.