广州市天河区0～14岁儿童伤害流行病学调查

An Epidemiological Survey on Children's Injuries Among Children Aged 0-14 in Tianhe District of Guangzhou

目的 了解城乡结合地区 0～ 1 4岁儿童意外伤害流行病学特征及其影响因素 ,为开展伤害预防干预提供依据。方法 以问卷方式调查广州市天河区 1 2 85名 0～ 1 4岁儿童在 2 0 0 2年 1 0月至 2 0 0 3年 1 0月意外伤害发生状况。结果 意外伤害发生率为 1 6.34 %,男女比例为 1 .2 6∶1。跌倒或坠落、碰撞或挤压伤、扭伤和交通事故是最常见类型。 2 .66 %的受伤儿童需住院治疗 ,44.87%的受伤儿童需医院门诊处理 ,意外伤害医疗费用支出占家庭人均月收入的 1 4 .53 %。儿童意外伤害的影响因素为父亲职业、家庭社会经济状况及儿童性格特点等。结论 意外伤害严重影响着城乡结合地区 0～ 1 4岁儿童的健康 ,给家庭和社会造成经济损失。预防重点是培训家长和教师 ,开展健康教育 ,以提高其安全知识水平。

Objective To know the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors for the injuries of the children aged 0-14 in the joint area of town and village in order to provide basis for the conduct of injuries prevention and intervention. Methods The injuries of children aged 0-14 in Tianhe District, Guangzhou from October 2002 to October 2003 were surveyed by means of random sampling questionnaire. Result The prevalence of accidental injury was 16.34%, with the ratio 1.26∶1 of boys to girls. The common types of injuries were slip fall, falling, collide/squeeze,wring and traffic accidents.About 2.66% of the injured children needed hospitalization and 44.87% needed to go to the clinic department. Fee for medical services caused by accidental injuries accounted for 14.53% of per family member monthly income. The influencing factors of children's accidental injuries were father's occupation, family economic status and children's personality characteristics. Conclusion Accidental injuries seriously affect the health of children aged 0-14 in the joint area of town and village, and bring great loss to the economy of both family and society. The key points of prevention are to train parents and teachers, conduct health education and to improve their safety knowledge level.