中国老年人口的生活状况与贫困发生率估计

The Chinese Elderly: How They Live and How Many of Them Are in Poverty?

文章利用2000年人口普查和中国城乡老年人口状况一次性抽样调查资料,对中国老年人口数量、生活状况和贫困发生率进行分析.结果表明,在中国近1.3亿的老年人口中,就业比例为33%,不工作比例为67%.全国老年贫困人口数量为921万～1168万,贫困发生率为7.1%～9.0%.从政策角度看,防治老年贫困的政策应该对目前已陷入贫困或处于贫困边缘的老年人口提供收入扶持,同时防止未来产生新的老年贫困人口.

This paper depicts the status of living of Chinese elderly and estimates the poverty rate of this group of population, by using data from 2000 Census and 2000 China Urban and Rural Elderly Survey. The result shows that there are 129 million residents aged 60 and above. Among them, 33% are actively in job markets, 7. 1-9. 0% live in poverty. The paper also discusses the policy issues relating to elderly poverty, suggesting that the policies should aim at supporting the older poor and those who are at the edge of poverty to prevent poverty from expansion.