1FRYRNOYER J W, MOSKAWITZ R W. Spinal degeneration.. pathogenesis and medical management. In:Frymoyerp, ed. The Adult Spine: Principles and Practice[J]. New York, NY: Raven Press,1991:611-634.
2KIRKALDY WILLIS W H,FARFAN H F. Instability of the lumbar spine[J]. Clin Orthop, 1982,165 : 110.
3PANJABI M M. Cinical spinal instability and low back pain[J]. Electromyogr Kinesiol, 2003,13 (4) : 371-379.
4STOKES I, FRYMOYER J. Segmental motion and instability[J]. Spine, 1987,12(7) :68-91.
5FRIBERG O. Lumbar instability: A dynamic app roach by traction compression radiography[J]. Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 1987,12 (2) 119-129.
