优良牧草与花生间作套种的研究

The Studies on the Interplant between Peanut and Fine forage plants(grasses and legumes)

首次在河南省对5种优良牧草和花生进行阎作套种的研究,并且在牧草与花生"5+6"套作模式的情况下,对比与分析了两者的相互影响、综合生产水平以及可行性。研究表明,套种后紫花苜蓿、白三叶以及苇状羊茅影响花生果实产量,花生果实产量分别下降14.2％、12.6％和7.6％。达到了极显著(前两者)和显著水平。苜蓿和白三叶还对花生的百果重、饱果数有抑制作用,而对总果数影响不大。和紫花苜蓿套作,花生秧产量下降7.3％(p<0.05)。与其他牧草套作花生秧的产量无显著影响。与花生的套作能够极显著地促进多年生黑麦草、鸡脚草和苇状羊茅3种禾草的分蘖(11.01％-14.26％)(p<0.01).显著增加其叶面积指数(4.62％-16.37％)和叶绿素含量(5.04％-5.50％)(p<0.05),3种禾草的青干草产量分别提高了8.2％、8.1％、9.3％。花生秧与禾草混合调制成青干草后,饲草中的粗蛋白、粗脂肪和钙的含量得到了显著和极显著的提高,而粗纤维含量却明显降低。与花生套作能够提高紫苜蓿产草量5.8％(p<0.01)和,但豆科牧草与花生秧混合调制以后,粗蛋白、粗纤维以及钙和磷的含量明显下降,粗脂肪得到了极显著的提高。

The paper studied the interplant between five Perennial species of fine forage plants and peanut, analyzed and compared the interaction, comprehensive production level and utilization feasibility between the both based on interplant model is: forage +peanut =5+6. The results showed : alfalfa, white clover and tall fescue have much significant effects on peanut grain pod yield, which decrease by 14.2%、12.6%(p< 0.01) for alfalfa, white clover and 7.6%(p<0.05) for tall fescue. Alfalfa, white clover influence hundred pod weight and big pod number(no apparent effects on total grain number)and decrease vine yield by..7.3%(p< 0.05) and 1.7% respectively.Peanut can promote grasses tillering by11.01%-14.26%(p<0.01)and increase LAI and chloroplastin content by 4.62%-6.37% and 5.04%-5.50%(p<0.05)respectively. and increased hay yield by 8.2%、8.1%、 9.3% for perennial ryegrass, orchardgrass and tall fescue respectively. Peanut can promote mixed forage the content of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), Ca and P and decrease the content of crude fiber (CF) combined with grasses significantly. In the meanwhile, peanut can increase 5.8% of alfalfa hay yield and lower mixed forage the content of CP, CF, Ca and P obviously and increase the content of EE combined with legumes significantly.