音乐治疗的最新研究及其临床应用

Hot research and clinical application of music therapy

目的:音乐治疗是一门新兴的边缘学科,许多医学工作者对音乐治疗的内涵还不太清楚。作者详细介绍了音乐治疗的概念和发展概况,并对近些年国内外的最新临床应用进行总结,希望对国内音乐治疗的开展有所帮助。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline2000-01/2004-01关于音乐治疗方面的文章,检索词“musictherapy”,并限定文章的语言种类为English。同时利用计算机检索相关杂志2000-01/2004-01期间的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为中文,检索词“音乐”,在文章标题中进行检索。资料选择:选择外文文献40篇,中文文献5篇。吸纳非随机、非盲法研究的原著性文献,排除个案报道。数据提炼:共45篇音乐治疗的临床研究文献,排除11篇研究内容相似的文章,对剩余34篇进行分类整理。资料综合:目前音乐治疗主要集中于孕妇的分娩、新生儿的护理、临床患者焦虑状态的缓解、手术前后疼痛症状的改善、脑功能的改善以及其他方面的个别研究。所采用的临床指标多是血压、心率、血氧饱和浓度疼痛指数、焦虑指数以及简单的临床症状。治疗效果的改善主要集中于心理状态、临床症状和简单生命指标的改善。结论:应加快音乐治疗操作规范的制定,加强基础实验研究的开展。

OBJECTIVE:Music therapy is a newly rising frontier branch of science,whose connotation cannot be understood by many doctors.The aim of this paper is to detailedly introduce the conception and development of music therapy,and review its latest clinical application home and abroad,expecting to help to carry out music therapy in China.DATA SOURCES:The relevant articles to music therapy between January 2000 and January 2004 were searched for in Medline by inputting the OBJECTIVE:Music therapy is a newly rising frontier branch of science,whose connotation cannot be understood by many doctors.The aim of this paper is to detailedly introduce the conception and development of music therapy,and review its latest clinical application home and abroad,expecting to help to carry out music therapy in China.DATA SOURCES:The relevant articles to music therapy between January 2000 and January 2004 were searched for in Medline by inputting the key words “music therapy' in English into the computer.Meanwhile,the relevant articles also between January 2000 and January 2004 were searched for in the titles of relevant journals by using computer with the key words “music' in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION:Totally 40 literatures in English and 5 in Chinese were selected.The original literatures about nonrandomized and nonblind studies were included,and the case reports were excluded.SYUDY EXTRACTION:A total of 45 literatures about the clinical study of music therapy were collected,of which 11 were excluded because of their resembled contents.Then,the rest 34 literatures were classified and arranged.DATA SYSTHESIS:Now,music therapy mainly focused on parturition of pregnant woman,nursing for infants,improvement of clinical patients' anxiety,relief of preand postoperative pain,amelioration of brain function and other individual studies.Blood pressure,heart rate,oxygen saturation,pain index,anxiety index,and simple clinical symptoms were always used as clinical indexes.The enhancement of therapeutic effect was emphasized on the improvement of mental state,clinical symptoms and simple life indexes.CONCLUSION:The operative criteria for music therapy should be established as soon as possible so as to enforce the operating of basic experimental research.