医学院校新生与毕业生的人格特征差异

Differences of personality characteristics between freshmen and graduates in medical college

目的:了解医科大学新生与毕业生人格特征的差异,为大学生心理素质教育提供依据。方法:随机抽取2003-09入学及2004-07毕业的包头地区某医学院校新生与毕业生共401名,采用卡特尔人格问卷(16PF)进行人格测试。结果:大学新生与毕业生在聪慧性、有恒性、怀疑性、忧虑性、自律性、紧张性及心理健康、专业成就和成长能力方面存在显著差异。其中,聪慧性8.76±1.97/8.21±2.19、自律性13.21±2.82/11.92±2.61、有恒性12.20±2.64/10.70±3.39、心理健康31.02±11.68/26.63±17.28、专业成就122.65±14.52/115.91±33.50和成长能力31.98±6.12/28.77±6.86毕业生得分大于新生(P<0.01);怀疑性9.16±3.13/8.51±3.35、忧虑性10.54±3.77/9.37±4.06、紧张性12.25±3.49/9.75±4.00新生得分大于毕业生(P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论:医科大学新生与毕业生人格特征会随学习阶段的升高而发生一定变化,其心理素质教育应考虑学生年级、性别、自身特点等因素。

AIM:To study the difference of personality characteristics between freshmen and graduates in medical college,so as to provide basis for education of psychological quality. METHODS:The sixteen personality factors questionnaire(16PF) was adopted to survey 401 freshmen entered school in September 2003 and graduates in July 2004 in a medical college of Baotou. RESULTS:The scores of cleverness, self-discipline, persistence,mental health,specialty achievement and growing ability were significantly higher in graduates(8.76±1.97, 13.21±2.82,12.20±2.64,31.02±11.68,122.65±14.52, 31.98±6.12) than in freshmen(8.21±2.19,11.92 ±2.61,10.70±3.39,26.63±17.28,115.91±33.50, 28.77±6.86)(P< 0.01).The scores of suspicion,worry and nervousness in freshmen(9.16±3.13,10.54±3.77,12.25±3.49) were significantly higher than those in graduates(8.51±3.35,9.37±4.06,9.75±4.00) (P< 0.05,P< 0.01). CONCLUSION:Personality characteristics will change along with process of learning stage in freshmen and graduates of medical colleges.The factors of grade,gender,self-features ought to be considered during the education of psychological quality to the medical students.