学习障碍儿童的认知及行为特征

Cognitive and behavior features of children with learning disability

目的:研究学习障碍儿童的认知功能和行为特点,为实施合适的矫治手段提供依据。方法:学习障碍儿童采自2003-08/2004-08在白求恩国际和平医院儿童保健门诊就诊的患儿(72例),正常儿童来自石家庄市某小学。用韦氏儿童智力量表(中国修订本)和Rutter's儿童行为量表父母问卷对其进行研究,并与72例正常儿童比较。结果:学习障碍儿童言语智商、操作智商和全量表智商犤分别为(93.8±14.6),(92.6±13.7),(92.9±15.9)分犦均低于正常儿童犤分别为(108.4±18.3),(106.3±15.4),(107.6±17.4)分犦(t值分别为11.2,10.9,11.1,P<0.01),且学习障碍儿童Rutter’s行为量表父母问卷评分异常率犤40例(56%)犦明显高于正常儿童犤13例(17%)犦(χ2=21.76,P<0.01)。结论:学习障碍儿童存在认知功能障碍和较多的行为问题。

AIM: To study the cognitive function and behavior features of children with learning disability, so as to provide evidence for the practice of proper correcting and treating methods. METHODS:Seventy-two children with learning disability, who were outpatients of pediatric department of Bethune International Peace Hospital from August 2003 to August 2004, and 72 normal children from a primary school of Shijiazhuang city were involved in the study.Wechster Intelligence Scale for Children-Chinese Revision (WISC-CR) and Rutter's children behavior scale parents questionnaire were applied to children with LD and normal children, and the results were compared. RESULTS:The verbal intelligence quotient (IQ),performance IQ and full scale IQ of children with learning disability(93.8±14.6,92.6±13.7,92.9±15.9) were markedly lower than those of normal children(108.4 ±18.3,106.3±15.4,107.6±17.4) (t =11.2,10.9,11.1,P< 0.01), and the abnormal rate of Rutter's children behavior scale parents questionnaire was significantly higher in the children with learning disability(40 cases,56%) than normal children (13 cases, 17%) (χ2=21.76,P< 0.01). CONCLUSION: The children with learning disability have cognitive disorder and more behavioral problems.