心理障碍:医学心理学的认知与思考

Mental disorders:recognition and contemplation of medical psychology

目的:探讨人类对心理障碍认识的一般性规律和人类探索的轨迹。方法:资料来源于国内公开出版的高校医学专业及心理学专业著作,同时计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库1990-01/2004-09期间的相关文章,检索词为“心理障碍”,限定文章语言为中文。对资料进行初审,选取涉及心理障碍学说史和心理病理学内容的文章及综述,排除重复研究,对剩余的文献开始查找全文。结果:共收集到13本教科书和200多篇文章,选用其中6本著作和4篇文章中的相关内容作为基本材料,进行资料的综合整理。文章内容均为国内外对心理障碍的界定探索的历程以及心理障碍认识发展的一般性规律,对前人的观点和理论进行总结和综合。结论:从心理病理学史中通过透视“癔症”这一心理障碍“窗口”的历史变迁,发现现代对心理障碍的界定的探索历程,体现了心理障碍认识发展历程贯穿的一般性规律。

AIM:To investigate the general law that mankind knows about mental disorders and the trace of human being's exploration. METHODS:The data were collected from the university medical and psychological professional literatures which were publicly published in China;Meanwhile,related articles were searched on Chinese periodical full-text database published in Chinese from January 1990 to September 2004 by computer with the keyword of “mental disorders'.After the above search,articles and reviews related to the theory history of psychological obstacle and psychological pathology were selected,while the repetitive studies were excluded,and the full text of the chosen papers were searched. RESULTS:Totally 13 textbooks and more than 200 articles were collected.The related contents in 6 literatures and 4 articles were chosen as the basic data to for philosophical contemplation for the synthesis and summarization of the data. CONCLUSION:Looking through the historical changes of the mental disorders“window' of “hysteria' from the history of psychological pathology,we find the modern exploration courses of definition of mental disorders reflect the general law of the developmental course ran through the knowledge of mental disorders.